Country wise Indian Investment in ASEAN

ASEAN offer lots of opportunities to boost not only indian trade but also furnish the requisite things in all the ASEAN countries.Here i am presenting a county-wise offers provided by itself for both.
Brunei :
It is well known fact that Brunei's maximum export earnings come from oil and natural gas. The government of has shown been interest in the industrial development of the country. As a result it has provided tax-free status to foreign investors. Japan and USA has been playing a significant role in Brunei's trade and her industrial development. India can co-operate with Brunei in diverse fields and meet her requirement through establishing joint ventures in required fields. At present, India's investment is almost nil in Brunei's Industrial development.
Cambodia :
Economic growth has been largely driven by the tourism and clothing. Clothing exports were fostered by the U.S. Cambodian bilateral textile Agreement signed in 1999. As a member of ASEAN Cambodia is also following liberal investment policy, but fear of renewed political instability and a dysfunctional legal system coupled with government corruption discourage foreign investment. It is worth nothing that India can co-operate to Cambodia in every part of the economy through joint ventures. But, a fear of political instability, India is quite hazitated in investing there. During this study period, India's investment is almost nil in Cambodia's economical development.
Indonesia :
There are over a dozen major Indian manufacturing joint ventures in Indonesia with direct Indian participation or financed by overseas Indians. The bulk of these investments were made in the 1970s and 80s and in fact upto 1985 India was among the top five investors in Indonesia. Major investments are in the fields of synthetic fibers, textiles, garments, steel and hand tools, Major Indian companies with assets in Indonesia include the Aditya Birla Group (Indo-Bharat Rayon), the S.P. Lohia Group (Indo-Rama Synthetics), the Ispat Group (Ispat-Indo),Jaykay files Indonesia. Gokak Indonesia, and ESSAR Dhananjaya. Overall, Indian investors hold around $ 1.5 billion is assets in Indonesia and the annual output of these Companies is between US $ 1.1.5 billion. A large number of Indian Companies have been involved in supplying equipment to and undertaking projects in Indonesia. There include WAPCOS, IRCON, RITES, STUP consultancy India ltd., TCIL, PUNJLLOYD, KEC International, TELK Ltd., BHEL and Bharat Heavy plates. NIIT/APEC/LCC Infotech have established IT Education centres in Indonesia, Reliance, Kirloskars and Thermax maintain representative office sin Indonesia. Bajaj Auto is in an advanced stage of setting up a joint venture for the assembly/production of three wheelers and two wheelers in Indonesia. IRCON is currently bidding for Road Construction projects in Indonesia and exploring Railway Rehabilitation and construction projects as well as projects for leasing Locomotives STC and MMTC have been active participants in trade with Indonesia. There are an ample scope for expanding industrial and technical co-operation in oil and gas, manpower and engineering consultancy services for the petroleum industry, mining, plantation products (particularly CPO), IT education and services, parts and railways, telecommunications, pharmaceuticals and education (both school and university)
LAOS :
Laos is one of the world's poorest country by 1980, however, the government had begum to pursue more pragmatic developmatic policies, and in 1986 it introduced market-oriented references. Subsequently, private enterprise has been allowed to operate on every level, and foreign investment has been encouraged. A number of non governmental organisations, including some from the USA, have been assisting the government mainly in the field of rural development and public health.
Laos is rich in natural resources but lack of proper technology and finance, it have not taken any advantage, to develop its economy. Indian economy is growing fastly with effective technology. India can play a vital role for the development of Laos economy through financial assistance and technology. In this process, joint venture is essential but during the study period, Indian investment was almost nil.
Malaysia :
Malaysian investment policy is to welcome foreign investors for two things technology and markets. The government have a priority to maintain a healthy investment climate. Hence it has imposed so many restrictions against foreign investment, keeping in view the new economic policy(NEP). The government definitely encourages joint ventures with relatively smaller but more technology oriented industries with as much local equity as possible.
Indian investment in joint venture projects is rather small, This resulted Indian investment is very low in comparison to that of other countries in this region. This meager India investment is primarily due to the fact that Indian participation is mostly limited to the supply of machinery, equipment and technical know-how over 25 joint venture, are operating in Malaysia, Mainly in textiles, steel files, spinning plant, furniture, sugar, diesel engines, paper and paper boards, cosmetic and pharmaceutical etc.
Myanmar :
Myanmar and India have just begun for closer economic relations. Myanmar is India's one of leading export market in ASEAN. Recently, Myanmar have adopted a quite liberal foreign investment policy. There are some certain areas in which, India can play a vital role for the development of Myanmar economy, such as infrastructure and technological co-operation in such areas as agriculture and natural resource. Myanmar can take advantage of Indian space programmes. In this process, in February 2001. Both the countries inaugurated Remotes sensing and data processing programme. At present over five joint venture programmes are operating in Myanmar in which. Indian have a majority of over fifty one percent.
Philippines:
During the last few years, the Philippine government has liberalized telecommunication, deregulated the air and water transport sector, privatized the supply of water, pagan to address the environment, and resolved the power crisis. The government through its flagship program has also fast tracked the implementation of critical public investment project and strategic infrastructure projects. The country adopted a liberal foreign investment policy. The Philippines attracts foreign investors by providing incentives for their participation in the various fields of economy. Another point favourable for foreign investors is that the Philippines is completely free from foreign exchange controls. This makes such collaboration more attractive. Thus, the government not only welcomes foreign collaboration but also actively encourages it in the various sectors of the economy. Manufacturing sector is considered of special importance. Even than India's position is far from viable. There are about three joint ventures are operating.
Singapore :
Singapore is India's largest trading and investment partners in ASEAN. The increasingly close relations between India and Singapore in recent years have been underpinned by a dramatic growth in bilateral trade and investment linkages. India is looking for infrastructure investment, critical technologies and export markets. Singapore has surplus capital and could be a useful partner in infrastructure development in India as well as investment in Indian companies. India and Singapore in this process sat a joint study group (JSG) to look into the possibility of concluding a comprehensive economic co-operation Agreement (CECA) between the two countries. It identified areas of increased economic engagement between the two countries and also recommended measures to be taken.
Singapore has an open door policy towards foreign investment. Investment in all sector is particularly welcome, especially in the manufacturing sector. In Singapore, joint ventures are working in shipping, automobile accessories, computer accessories, chemicals etc. But Singapore itself has emerged amongst the top foreign investors in India. There are many joint ventures working in India like Ascend as Information Technology park in Banglore (Equity 40%),Singtel's joint venture with Bharti Telecom and Singapore Technologies Tele media's TV with Modi corp. The Government of Singapore investment Corporation (GIC) has registered itself in India as on Financial Institutional investors, and has committed Rs. 119 Mln. In HDFC Ltd. Apart from investing in other stocks and equities. The GIC along with other investors has invested Rs. 11billion (US 407 mln.) for a 13.6 percent stock in India's ICICI Bank as it's strategic partners.
Thailand :
Thai government adopted open door policy in all sectors of the economy. The first Indian joint venture was established in Thailand 64 1969 by Aditya Birla Group for which seed capital had come from India. Aditya Birla Group has subsequently set up 9 more joint venture companies in partnerships with Thailand people. A number of them are in areas which are relatively high-tech and even capital intensive and cover a wide range of products and activities including pulp-chemicals, pharmaceuticals, textiles, nylon, tyre cord and real estate. The major India groups Rayon group, Usha Martin Industries, Ranbaxy Laboratories and Lupin chemicals. According to BOI figures, India is the thirteenth largest investor in Thailand. Thailand has shown been ness to promote closer co-operation and exchange information pertaining to the information Technology. The govt. is interested insetting up of Software Technology park in Thailand on the lines of STPI India. There is also a proposal for India-Thailand Myanmar trilateral co-operation in the roads sectors.
Vietnam :
India's investments in Vietnam, inclusive of those relating to joint ventures, are of the order of $ 270 millions. Of this, the ONGC's upstream gas project, Nam Con Son Project, accounts for about $ 200 millions, while two sugar factories - Nagarjuna International (Vietnam) Ltd and KEP(Vietnam) Ltd are said to collectively account for over $ 45 millions.
Vietnam considers a quick correction of its current trade imbalance with India to be just as important as the friendship diplomacy of seeking to capitalize on the broken Indian skills in the IT sector. Vietnam's exports to India were provisionally estimated at $ 70 mln. In calendar 2003, as against $ 53.12 Mln. In the previous year. In contrast India's exports to Vietnam were of the order $ 316.59 Million in the first six month of 2004, Compared to $ 324.6 million in the entire 2002 and $ 456.95 Million throughout 2003. It is in this context that both the countries have now agreed to discuss ways of addressing the trade imbalance, according to officials on both sides. Diplomatic source on both sides indicated that the new economics related engagement, spurred by the ongoing market oriented reference in Vietnam and India's sustained liberalization, would be designed to capitalize on these trends.
On the basis of above analysis it can be concluded that there are several possibilities of India's setting up joint ventures , offering technical assistance facilities and consultancy services in ASEAN countries upper to be fairly bright. It is now the responsibility of the Indian Government businessmen and industrialists to see as to how they can derive maximum benefit from the favourable climate available at present.