Latest Articles by jamesjames

Subaru Vehicles Take Home Highest NHTSA Ratings

Wed, 21 Feb 2007 00:00:00 -0600

So as to assist customers learn about the abilities of vehicles to keep passengers safe, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, or the NHTSA, has done crash tests through its New Car Assessment Program (NCAP). And the latest series of crash tests done proved to be quite a victory for the Subaru brand.

You see, two of the company’s vehicles, the Subaru Legacy and the Subaru Outback, both received the NHTSA’s highest ratings which are equal to five stars. The Legacy and the Outback received such ratings for the frontal impact crash tests and for the side impact crash tests.

Thomas J. Doll, the executive vice president of the Subaru of America, Inc., is quite pleased to know of such results. He even boasts, “Subaru customers have come to expect the highest level of safety in their vehicles. Both the Legacy and Outback continue to deliver the highest levels of active and passive safety as evidenced by their recent five star performances in the NHTSA NCAP tests.”

According to Subaru, so as to make their vehicles quite safe for passengers, there is more than just a blend of the right hypertech programmer parts and Subaru crafted odds and ends. The company says that they have been designing vehicles with the thought and idea that a vehicle that is meant for active safety is that same vehicle that allows the driver to gain a sense of control and stability over the machine. And with that kind of thinking at hand while creating their vehicles, the company has been able to come up with really safe units.

The company has also made sure that they would have been able to create the best types of safety systems and features that would keep Subaru passengers in their seats and not out of them. There are also passive safety systems like the engine which has been specially designed so that it would not interfere with the safety of the passengers in cases of crashes.

But there are just a few of the safety things found in the vehicles. If you are interested in knowing more about them, you can go at the car maker’s official site and learn more about the specifications.

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James Russel grew up in Los Angeles and is 35 years old. He works as a marketing analyst for a supplier of automotive parts in the United States. On his spare time, he loves to spruce up his vehicle.

Source: http://www.articletrader.com

The Audi A4: Built to Please

Tue, 06 Feb 2007 00:00:00 -0600

The Audi brand has been known world over to produce high quality vehicles with top caliber performance. They are also more notably known for their interior designing.

The Audi A4 is no exception to that, which comes as no surprise since the company is also known to come up with more and more improvements on their cars every year. Much praise has been given to the latest version of the Audi A4 and with good reason too. The car pretty much secured itself as one of the cars on top of its class.

Its appearance commands attention around town, its exterior design is another testament to the great efforts put in by the company into their production vehicles. This vehicle is a real head turner hiding beneath its exterior styling the driving capability it possesses. It is a sports wagon with a rear that looks more like a station wagon and it is designed to haul a lot of loads.

The interior designing is distinctly Audi, with the dashboard nicely dressed up in piano black wood accents and with an integrated GPS system. The seats are also what you would expect to find in an Audi. Plush leather seats that not only look good but are also comfortable even during long drives thanks to its form-hugging design which you can find inside the A4. Space inside the car is plenty but not enough to be called a large vehicle. It balances the presence of adequate space and the tight feel making the occupant feel like a part of the cockpit.

The car has sufficient power thanks to its 3.2 liter V6 engine with a maximum output of 255 horsepower. All these power gets to the wheels via a six speed manual gearbox which defines precision engineering. Steering of the car is an experience in itself, with the Quattro all wheel drive system that Audi has developed and all its steering system components from the steering wheel to the Audi A4 tie rod and coupled with a sophisticated Suspension system. With all these, the car can respond quickly to the driver’s commands.

All in all, the latest model of the famed Audi A4 is in every sense a practical everyday vehicle that would fit any requirement its owner may impose on it. The sport wagon aspect of the car is quite noteworthy with all its system perfectly engineered to give the owner the cars optimum performance level. Its station wagon characteristics make this vehicle a good choice if the owner expects to hold a lot of cargoes in the car.

The 2007 Honda Civic Si Sedan

Mon, 05 Feb 2007 00:00:00 -0600

Winning the title as the North American Car of the Year is not an easy feat. Superb engineering skills on the part of the people behind the design and manufacturing of a car and high engine performance, gas mileage ratings, steering responsiveness, stability, passenger and driver comfort are just some of the aspects of a car fit to win that title. And that is just what the Honda Civic Si Sedan is all about. The car has won the prestigious award for 2006 with an easy margin over some pretty tough competition. Now that is considered to be quite a feat.

The car is all about performance – from steering to suspension and everything in between. The four door configuration makes it a good choice for practically every job the driver may impose on it. It can seat a number of people and still perform at its optimum. When it comes to speed and acceleration, this car would not let you down, with the VTEC powerplant under its hood and a supporting cast of different high performance parts, the engine loves to run in the 6000-plus revs per minute range.

The power hidden beneath the styling of the car easily responds to the drivers command, its engine can change the cars aura from a commuter around town to a high performance racing car. All the power within the Civic is transferred to the wheels through a six speed transmission, passing through a smoothly operated clutch which is very responsive as well.

With all those power, the car surely needs great braking power and the car surely has that capability in keeping both the driver and passenger safe. Steering is also a great plus in the car, from its steering wheel designed for comfort on any driver’s hand down to the steering system and further to the Civic tie rod end, the responsiveness is fantastic. It feels more like a race car than any other model in its class. To take care of the driver and the passenger on bumpy rides, the car’s suspension system is one of the more sophisticated in any car giving the occupants a comfortable ride.

All of these characteristics are surely why the Civic won the prestigious award; it is no wonder that the car is such a hit on the market. With all the features it has and the overall performance of the car, it is one of the best cars out in the market today.

Volvo’s Subsidiary Renault Trucks signs Distribution Agreement with Nissan Motor

Mon, 29 Jan 2007 00:00:00 -0600

In the news: AB Volvo’s subsidiary Renault Trucks has signed a distribution agreement covering the Renault Maxity light duty vehicle with the manufacturer Nissan Motor. It was in February 2006 when an agreement was signed regarding the distribution.

The Renault Maxity is a cab-over-engine light duty vehicle that is produced by Nissan Motor at its plant in Spain. Renault Trucks dealers will begin selling Maxity trucks in Marcg this year. The Maxity was developed and manufactured for Renault Trucks by Nissan Motor and is sold under Renault Trucks’ own identity. Renault Maxity completes Renault Trucks’ existing range of light trucks which includes Renault Master and Renault Macott. These trucks are produced in a range of weight classes from 2.8 to 4.5 tons with three engine alternatives.

The Volvo Group is one of the world’s leading manufacturers of trucks, buses and construction equipment, drive systems for marine and industrial applications, aerospace components and services. The Group also provides complete solutions for financing services. The Volvo Group has at least 82,000 people employed, has production facilities in twenty-five countries and sells their products in more than 185 markets. Annual sales of the Volvo Group reach more than twenty billion euro. The Volvo Group is a publicly-held company headquartered in Gothenburg, Sweden. Volvo shares are listed on the stock exchanges in Stockholm and on NASDAQ in the US.

The Volvo Group is also different from the Volvo Cars since it deals more in manufacturing automobiles and auto parts like Volvo antenna. The Volvo Cars has been owned by Ford Motor Company since 1999.

Volvo is Latin for “I roll” or “I turn.” The name Volvo was originally registered in May 1911 as a separate company within SKF AB and as a registered trademark with the intention to be used for a special series of ball bearing, but this idea was only used for a short period of time and SKF decided to use the SKF as trademark instead for all of its bearing products. The company Volvo AB didn’t have any activities until August 10, 1928 when SKF Sales Manager Assar Gabrielsson and Engineer Gustav Larson have set up the car-manufacturing business Volvo AB within the SKF Group.

Volvo AB was finally introduced at the Stockholm stock exchange in 1935 and SKF then decided to sell its hares in the company. It was in April 14, 1927 that the first series of Volvo automobiles called the 'ÖV4' (Öppen vagn (Open wagon)-4 cylinders) were produced. Only 996 cars were produced from 1927-1929. The 'ÖV4' was replaced by model PV651 in April 1929. The first successful car produced by Volvo was the PV444 that was introduced in September 1944.

This year from Volkswagen

Thu, 25 Jan 2007 00:00:00 -0600

Literally translated as “free folk”, Touareg, the VW model for 2007, is the name of a nomadic North African tribe known historically to be feisty and aggressive. It’s also a remarkably competent full-size sport-utility vehicle from Volkswagen.

Touareg is similar to the Porsche Cayenne (shown in updated form at the Detroit auto show) and the new Audi Q7. They share platform and other components.

In the power seat controller is an easily-reached, smooth-operating, manual release on the right side of the seat base.

With its market price of $37,990, its standard features include halogen headlights, power glass sunroof, leatherette interior, 17-inch alloy wheels with Pirelli tires, rain-sensing wipers, premium sound system with 11 speakers and a six-CD changer in the rear, leather steering wheel with lots of controls and functions, halogen fog lights integrated into the lower bumper, dual-zone climate control, heated seats, self-dimming rear view mirror, 8-way manual adjusting front seats, adjustable steering wheel, automatic headlights, wood interior accents, and power heated outside mirrors.

The rear seats fold with a 60/40 formula. The release is a little handle at the top of each side, but unlike most it’s a mechanism requiring a vertical pull. A respectable 71-cu-ft of cargo space is available with rear seats folded. It still has 31-cu-ft with the seats in passenger-carrying position.

Tow clocks are found on the interior. One is below the tach on the left side of the instrument cluster. The other is in the ceiling panel above the windshield.

Although adjusting the driver’s seat need to take the strength of an athlete to manage, the forward/back control is smooth and easy.

Top speed is electronically limited to 130-mph. The 4.2-liter V6 generates 276 horsepower and 266 lb-ft of torque but it has a lot of weight to move, 5,168 pounds to be precise. Touareg is available with both a 350-hp V8 engine and a V10 turbo-diesel with more than 550 lb-ft of torque. Fuel capacity is 26.4 US gallons. Premium fuel is recommended but not required.

Its towing capacity is 7716 pounds.

Standard with all Touaregs is the trusty and tough 4xMotion permanent 4-wheel-drive system that, with the optional rear-lock differential, will allow 100% of the power to go to one wheel if necessary to push off a treacherous rock or hard place. The six-speed Tiptronic automatic transmission has a manual shift mode, but shifts are pretty slow compared to the new DSG units in the smaller V-dubs. In addition to all this technology Touareg comes with all the chassis and handling dynamic systems that are optional on a lot of up-scale cars: ABS, Anti-slip regulation, electronic differential lock, electronic stabilization program with engine brake assist, hill decent assist and hill climb assist. Volkswagen’s warranty is 4-years/50,000-miles, 5-years/60,000-miles on the power train and 12-years on rust-through.

While it would appear that only three parts-two headlights and a grille-have been changed to freshen the Touareg for 2007, Volkswagen clams that they've added more than 2300 redesigned parts, including the VW inner tie rod.

The 2007 Touareg gets some software upgrades, too. One is the Volkswagen's "ABSplus," a traction-control program that shortens braking by as much as 20 percent on soft dirt or sand surfaces. Other features include the new adaptive-cruise-control system, which capable of bringing the truck to a full stop automatically; "side scan" blind spot-indicators that make highway driving safer; and, a ten-speaker Dynaudio stereo for entertainment purposes.

Touareg version 2.0 will on sale in November this year.

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James Russel grew up in Los Angeles and is 35 years old. He works as a marketing analyst for a supplier of automotive parts in the United States. On his spare time, he

Source: http://www.articletrader.com

Honda US calls for tax breaks; company’s performance in Asia continuously grows

Thu, 25 Jan 2007 00:00:00 -0600

In order to encourage greater consumer investment in the technology, Honda USA Vice-President, John Mendel, has called for tax-credit schemes aimed at extending hybrid car drivers to buyers of fuel cell-powered cars.

He said in an interview early this week that providing further tax breaks for hybrid car buyers would not be the right move, as hybrid serve as the bridge technology to something else. Instead, he further argued the benefits should be provided to fuel cell car drivers, as fuel cell technology continues to "push the envelope" in the development of energy-saving technology, and should therefore be encouraged.

Mendel's comments follow Toyota's appeal to the US government to extend the current tax-credit scheme for hybrid drivers.

Meanwhile, Asian stocks had their first back- to-back advance this year after U.S. retail sales was climbed by the most in five months and machinery orders in Japan rose. Honda Motor Co. together with Samsung Electronics Co. led gains by exporters.

Another proof of Honda's rising in Asia is its plan to build its second plant in India, the continent's fourth-biggest economy.

N.K. Goila, the vice president of Honda Siel Cars India, the country's company unit said last January 9 that Honda may spend 20 billion rupees ($450 million) to set up the second car factory in Rajasthan.

Honda has decided to build the second plant because the existing one in Uttar Pradesh is not large enough to accommodate new facilities necessary to keep pace with the ongoing demand growth.

According to Honda spokeswoman Yasuko Matsuura, the Tokyo-based manufacturer of cars and motorcycles will locate the plant in the northwestern state of Rajasthan, northwestern India. She continued that it has yet to decide on the exact site of the new plant, but it will be selected in coming months, and construction is to begin later this year. That plant will begin operating in the first half of 2009 with an initial capacity of 50,000 cars a year and Honda plans to increase it gradually. The company plans to find a site large enough to produce 200,000 cars annually.

Company officials say they plan to invite affiliated parts vendors to set up near the new factory with a view to boosting the locally procured content of the vehicles assembled there.

Honda's first plant that assembles Accord and Civic sedans in India has the production capacity of 50,000 cars. The company has announced to increase the production capacity to reach 100,000 cars by the end of 2007 and to even increase it to 150,000 vehicles by 2010.

Volkswagen AG, General Motors Corp. and other automakers are starting up production or building more factories in India, Asia's fourth-biggest automobile market, where demand for vehicles is growing with an expanding economy. Automakers last year announced a combined $5 billion of investments in new factories in India by 2012.

India's economy, Asia's fourth-largest, grew 9.1 percent in the half-year ended Sept. 30, the fastest semi-annual pace in 15 years, boosting demand for cars. Northern and eastern India account for 45 percent of the company's sales, the statement said.

India's car market may triple to 3 million units annually by 2015, according to the Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers. That has attracted manufacturers, including Suzuki Motor Corp., Hyundai Motor Co. and DaimlerChrysler AG. Last year, Renault SA, France's second-largest carmaker, said it will open a factory in India along with Mahindra & Mahindra. Renault's affiliate Nissan Motor Co. may also join.

Honda is also maker of quality Honda tie rods.

Jaguar to stay…Aston Martin to go

Wed, 24 Jan 2007 00:00:00 -0600

Great news for Jaguar fanatics: Ford President Mulally has recently announced that Jaguar is no longer for sale. Aston Martin however, will be under a new owner by the end of this year.

Mulally, who joined Ford last year after working for 37 years at plane-maker Boeing, told reporters, “Jaguar is not for sale at this time” ---this statement of the new boss doesn’t necessarily mean that they are closing the possibility for future Jaguar sale. CEO Mulally just wants to give Jaguar a chance to fully re-establish itself and the new XF sports sedan is going to be used as the key model in revitalizing the range of Jaguars.

The XF sports sedan has made its worldwide debut at the 2007 Detroit Auto Show as a concept car but according to managing director Bibiana Boeiro the car would be produced by early 2008, as replacement for the S-Type. It will also be using the XF nameplate and will be equipped with only top-of-the-line Ford auto parts like Ford tie rod end.

The C-XF is a design venture between Jaguar design director Ian Callum and advanced design studio boss Julian Thompson. The C-XF was the sort of car Jaguar that Ford should have been making for some time. This car represents a break from the overt retro styling of the XJ, S-Type and X-Type models, using clever design cues to create a new look for the struggling Jaguar brand.
According to Callum the design philosophy behind the XF is: “Sports sedans were Jaguar’s mantle with cars such as the Mk2 and Series 1 XJ of the 1960s – and we’re having it back! But we’re not harking back to another era for the sake of it. Instead we need to recognize design elements and move forward in a modern and contemporary way.”

He further stated that the car’s core design values were “purity, visual dynamism and beauty” and the low roof and wedge-shaped lower body of the XF gives the impression of visual latent power. The interior features a very different take on Jaguar’s traditional wood and leather finish. The XF still makes use of the wood and leather finish but the wood has been scorched black while the leather has been treated to look more like carbon fiber. It’s definitely far from the burr walnut and cream Connolly hides.

The XF is just one of the series of new cars under development that will replace all three Jaguar salons by the end of the decade. By the year 2009 a new breed of XJ Jaguars will be produced and said to be more radical than the XF. The rumored Land Rover Freelander–based crossover vehicle that will replace the X-Type is also coming as confirmed by Jaguar executives during the Detroit Auto Show.

VW’s Cleanest TDI Engine Meeting Strict Tier 2/Bin 5 Standards

Wed, 24 Jan 2007 00:00:00 -0600

Volkswagen’s Turbocharged Direct Injection (TDI) is said to be the leader in diesel revolution. TDI engine makes use of the Pumpe Düse system which makes it incredibly efficient. Pumpe Düse which means ‘pump injector’ have solved the problem of lost pressure through fuel pipes. The injector and pump are integrated in a single Pumpe Düse unit. Each of the cylinders has its own Pumpe Düse unit placed on the cylinder head and operated by the camshaft, injecting fuel directly into the combustion chamber at pressures ranging up to 30,000psi.

The high pressures produce is perfect for efficiently blending of the fuel/air mix, controlling fuel quantities and injection timings. Such clever technology enables TDI to offer the benefits it’s famous for such as: good fuel economy, reduced exhaust emissions, and increased performance with more torque than the traditional injection systems.

Volkswagen didn’t stop with the TDI technology; it has continuously developed and improved it until it has finally come up with the cleanest ever TDI engine. Initial test drives of the high potential Volkswagen technologies demonstrate a remarkable reduction in the emission of nitrogen oxide.

VW’s Jetta with a new 2.0 Liter common rail diesel engine with a nitrogen oxide reservoir catalytic converter which complies to the Californian emission standard ‘Tier 2/Bin 5’ was used during the test. The Tier2/Bin 5 are considered to have the strictest requirements worldwide. The first production run of the ‘Clean TDI’ with nitrogen oxide post treatment will be made by 2008 in the US.

The main objective of the entire ‘Clean TDI’ concept is to reduce nitrogen oxide. Volkswagen’s engineers in Wolfsburg reached this goal through the internal development of the engine and the use of new emission post-treatment technology giving them a result of up to 90% less nitrogen oxide emissions (NOx).

This result was necessary to comply with the Tier 2/Bin 5 norm which applies to California and four other states in the north-east of America namely Massachusetts, New York, Vermont and Maine. The average Nox emissions allowed is 70 mg per mile and in order to comply with the said standard Volkswagen has developed an entirely new emission treatment technology.

Volkswagen has developed two new systems connected to the oxidation catalytic converter and the particle filter in the exhaust system. At present new NOx reservoir catalytic converter technology is being tested for models below the Passat class. Nitrogen oxide is effectively absorbed like sponge which leads to a high level of efficiency. In terms of the particle filter, the system has a self-cleaning system. How? The engine management system changes operation modes for a few seconds.

For larger and heavier vehicles a Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) catalytic converter is employed. The central element of the SCR is an aqueous solution such as the AdBlue which is transported in an additional tank made from stainless steel or plastic. The solution contains 32.5% urea which is continuously injected into the exhaust system in front of the SCR catalytic converter using a metering valve.

AdBlue solution is a non-toxic, odorless and biodegradable. Volkswagen intends to install the additional tank so that the car can be driven without needing maintenance between services. VW is the diesel pioneer in the US and approximately more than 800,000 diesel cars from Volkswagen have already been sold.

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Joe Thompson is the owner of a successful auto body shop in Ferndale, California. This 38 year old is also a prolific writer, contributing automotive related articles to various publications.

Source: http://www.articletrader.com

Honda’s Mugen Open Top Sport Concept Unveiled at Tokyo Auto Show

Tue, 23 Jan 2007 00:00:00 -0600

Honda, maker of quality Toyota parts like like Honda tie rods has unveiled its S2000 at the recently concluded 2007 Tokyo Auto Show (January 12-14). The Honda S2000 was modified by Mugen to create the Open-Top Pure Sport Concept. The car looks as if it was designed for motorsport fans. The S2000 has an interior fitted with black/red Mugen bucket seats while for its body a unique set was placed to give the car a sportier look but in the process maintained the car’s famous smooth lines. The use of impressive exhausts at the back is another proof of the potential of this car; unfortunately no HP or torque figures are available for the S2000 though.

S2000 a Classic Roadster

Before it was modified by Mugen, the Honda S2000 was considered to be a classic roadster-style sports car and a performance icon for the Honda brand. The S2000 combines uncompromising racetrack performance with practicality. Honda has built the S2000 basing on that premise.

Further improvements were made for the S2000 including the addition of electronic DBW or Drive-by-Wire Throttle System™, Vehicle Stability Assist (VSA®), maintenance minder system, standard headrest speakers, an outside temperature gauge, revised seat and console designs, a unique new alloy wheel design plus the addition of Laguna Blue Pearl as an exterior color.

According to John Mendel Senior Vice President of American Honda Motor Co., Inc., “"Never content to leave well-enough alone, we're committed to maintaining the S2000's performance and technological leadership in its segment. It's a car designed by enthusiasts for enthusiasts, and it represents the ultimate expression of the fun-to-drive characteristic found in all Honda vehicles."

The S2000 is powered by 2.2-liter, DOHC, VTEC™ (Variable Valve Timing and Lift Electronic Control) 4-cylinder engine that remains to be the pinnacle of naturally aspirated performance technology revving 237 horsepower at 7,800 rpm and 162 lb-ft of torque at 6,800 rpm. To complement the engine’s output is a compact, longitudinally mounted, close-ratio 6-speed manual transmission that features a direct linkage for precise shifting and short throws.

Also new in S2000 is Honda’s Vehicle Stability Assist system which makes it more stable and easier to control especially during street driving or in inclement weather conditions. VSA is working together with the Drive-by-Wire System to continuously monitor the yaw rate, steering input, throttle input as well as the braking pressure in order to determine if the car is following the intended path set by the driver.

Standard features of the S2000 include:

• Power retractable convertible top
• 17-inch aluminum alloy wheels
• Leather tirmmed seats
• High Intensity Discharge (HID) headlamps
• Aluminum hardtop
• XMO Satellite Radio
• Power windows
• Power door locks
• Keyless entry
• Outside temperature gauge
• Maintenance minder system

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James Russel grew up in Los Angeles and is 35 years old. He works as a marketing analyst for a supplier of automotive parts in the United States. On his spare time, he loves to spruce up his vehicle.

Source: http://www.articletrader.com

VW holds its National Meeting in New Orleans

Tue, 23 Jan 2007 00:00:00 -0600

In the news: More than two hundred fifty Volkswagen of American Inc. corporate and field employees will gather in New Orleans beginning Tuesday, January 16 through Thursday, January 18 for the company’s National Field Meeting. Volkswagen employees will also help rebuild the city’s public school music programs by donating Volkswagen-branded musical instruments such as guitars. They will also help in renovating a music classroom destroyed by Hurricane Katrina.

According to Matthias Seidl, Chief Operating Officer for the Volkswagen brand, "We chose New Orleans because it has always been a great place for business and entertainment. There is a correlation between the city and our company. We've both made progress the past year as Volkswagen sales are up 4.9 percent, while New Orleans has made vast improvements in rebuilding and re-establishing itself as an epicenter of culture and entertainment. The Volkswagen brand has long been recognized for its ties to music and art, and we look forward to bringing New Orleans back to its creative roots." Seidl is also responsible for Volkswagen’s field organization.

Last Tuesday, January 16, forty employees of Volkswagen have rebuilt the music room at the Lafayette Academy on South Carrollton Ave. Armed with their personal supplies and materials donated by Home Depot the forty volunteer employees has given the charter elementary/middle school’s music room a new coat of paint, a number of storage cabinets, and a music-themed wall mural. Volkswagen for its part will donate fifty-six First Act guitars to the Tipitina’s Foundation. The thirteen public high schools in the city will be provided with four guitars each.

Representatives and student interns from the Tipitina’s Foundation are going to accept the guitars on behalf of the schools at an even that will be held on January 16, 2007, Thursday at Tipitina’s French Quarter. The highlight of the said event will include a special performance bythe students together with popular local artist—Theresa Anderson.

And here is what Bill Taylor, Executive Director of the Tiptina’s Foundation has to say, "We welcome Volkswagen to New Orleans and appreciate their contributions to rebuilding the city's musical foundations."

Volkswagen’s National Field Meeting brings together more than 250 employees who work everyday as liaisons between Volkswagen of America, Inc.’s headquarters in Auburn Hills, Michigan and the nearly 600 US dealers. The annual meeting is a venue for Volkswagen to discuss its 2007 business strategy.

About Volkswagen
Volkswagen AG, manufacturer of quality VW inner tie rod, is an automobile manufacturer based in Wolfsburg, Germany. It is the world’s fourth largest car producer after GM, Toyota and Ford. Volkswagen means “people’s car” in German. It has a tagline written in German “Aus Liebe zum Automobil" which when translated would mean "For the love of the car" - or, "For Love of the People's Cars.”

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James Russel grew up in Los Angeles and is 35 years old. He works as a marketing analyst for a supplier of automotive parts in the United States. On his spare time, he loves to spruce up his vehicle.

Source: http://www.articletrader.com